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ai with ai: The GPT Blob

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-32

In this week's COVID-related AI news, Andy and Dave discuss "SciFact" from the Allen Institute for AI, which built on neural network VeriSci and can link to supporting or refuting materials for claims about COVID-19. Berkeley Labs releases COVIDScholar, which uses natural language processing text-mining to search over 60,000 papers and draw insights and connections. Berekely Labs also announces plans to use machine learning to estimate COVID-19's seasonal cycle. In non-COVID AI news, Google publishes a response to the European Commission's white paper on AI, cautioning that their definition of AI is far too broad and risks stifling innovation. CSET maps where AI talent is produced in the U.S., where it gets concentrated, and where AI funding equity goes. In research, OpenAI releases GPT-3, a 175B parameter NLP model, and shows that massively scaling up the language model greatly improves task-agnostic few-shot performance. A report from the European Parliament's Panel for the Future of Science and Technology shows the ethics initiatives of nations around the globe. A review paper in Science suggests that progress in AI has stalled (perhaps as much as 10 years) in some fields. Abbass, Scholz, and Reid publish Foundations of Trusted Autonomy, a collection of essays and reports on trustworthiness and autonomy. And in the video of the week, CSIS sponsored a conversation with (now retired) JAIC Director, Lt Gen Shanahan.

ai with ai: Eye, Pac-Bot

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-31

In COVID-related AI news, Andy and Dave discuss work from Mount Sinai researchers, who have created an AI system that uses CT scans to diagnose patients with COVID-19. MIT and IBM Watson announce plans to fund 10 AI research projects to find COVID-19. The National Security Commission on AI releases its second white paper on COVID-19, on mitigating economic impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and preserving US strategic competitiveness in AI. In non-COVID AI news, DARPA’s Gamebreaker project holds a virtual kickoff meeting of its program, seeking to model and then break the game balance. The United Nations Secretary-General releases a report on the protection of civilians in armed conflict. And the JAIC unveils its "business process transformation" initiative. In research, Hong Kong University of S&T publishes research on EC-Eye, an artificial eye that "sees" like a human eye. Other research demonstrates that neural networks trained for prediction mimic the diverse features of biological neurons and perception. And NVidia, University of Toronto, Vector Institute, and MIT publish GameGAN, and generative model that learns visually to imitate a desired video game (in this case, observing and replicating the gameplay of Pac-Man). The report of the week comes from NATO, which publishes a look at S&T Trends 2020-2040. Wolfgang Ertel pens the book of the week, with Introduction to AI (2nd Edition), free through Springer. The University of Southern California hosts a virtual symposium AI for COVID-19 in LA. And a collaboration between Google and the Getty Museum produces Art Transfer, transforming photos using the style of different artists.

ai with ai: Afterburn-in

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-30

In COVID-19-related AI news, Andy and Dave discuss the Novel Coronavirus Research Compendium, a curated resource from Kate Grabowski, an epidemiologist at Johns Hopkins, with the goal of providing a smaller, but higher-quality, data set on coronavirus research. Primer AI uses natural language processing to summarize the latest information on COVID-19. C3.ai provides a COVID-19 data lake with accompanying knowledge graphs, and is ready for use with R or Python. On 1 June, the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI will host a free virtual conference on the way ahead for AI as the world recovers from COVID-19. And Singapore hires Boston Dynamics’ Spot to roam a public park (controlled by a park ranger) and play a recorded message to encourage social distancing. In non-COVID news, Sony unveils the first line of cameras with a built-in image classifying AI. Researchers at UCLA and Baylor demonstrate the ability to dynamically stimulate the brain cortex to mirror the motion of writing. Booz Allen wins an $800M contract to support the Joint AI Center with AI services. Thomas Dimson uses GPT-2 to create and define words that don’t exist. And August Cole - best-selling author, lecturer, and consultant on national security issues - joins for a discussion on fiction intelligence (FICINT), the role that it plays in thinking about possible futures, and how those ideas play out in his latest book, Burn-In.

ai with ai: HurriCOVID Season

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-29

In COVID-related AI news, Andy and Dave discuss an approach from FiveThirtyEight that uses a mini-model-ensemble to predict possible trajectories for the COVID-19 death toll. MIT Tech Review has released a tracker for COVID-19 tracing trackers, which includes information on how they work and what policies they have in place. In non-COVID-related AI news, DIU releases a solicitation for Vigilante Keeper, an AI solution for detecting behavioral changes that might indicate increased vulnerability. OpenAI releases an analysis that shows the amount of computation needed to train an ImageNet classifier decreases by a factor of 2 every 16 months, which suggests algorithm progress has resulted in more gains than increased hardware efficiency. The Library of Congress is using machine learning to digitize and organize photos from old newspapers. Microsoft unveils a new tool in Word that makes sentence-level suggestions. And MIT Tech Review Insights publishes an examination of Asia’s advantage in AI with a look at the Asia-Pacific region in the Global AI Agenda. In research, Andy and Dave discuss RTFM (Read to Fight Monsters) from Facebook, which uses roguelike procedural generation to dynamically create goals, monsters, and other attributes, which agents then attempt to fight. The book of the week comes from Miroslav Kubat, with the second edition of An Introduction to Machine Learning. The Australian Defense College has announced the winners of its 2020 Sci-Fi Writing Competition. The full documentary for AlphaGo – The Movie, is now available on YouTube. The proceedings are now available from a federal health virtual forum on AI for COVID-19 Response. CSET will host a discussion on lessons learned for Algorithmic Warfare in DoD on 27 May. And LessWrong by Stuart Armstrong takes a look at Kurzweil's predictions (from 1999) about 2019.

ai with ai: Finding Lenia

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-28

Andy and Dave discuss a white paper from the National Security Commission on AI, on Privacy and Ethics Recommendations for Computing Applications Developed to Mitigate COVID-19. The Office of the Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security issues a second point paper on lethal autonomous weapons systems, with AI, Human-Machine Interaction, and Autonomous Weapons. DARPA announces its Air Space Total Awareness for Rapid Tactical Execution (ASTARTE) program, which aims to use low-cost sensors to create a better common operating picture. The Joint AI Center establishes a Data Governance Council to establish an enterprise-wide data governance framework. The JAIC also releases an AI Primer for DoD officials. The U.S. Patent and Trademark office denies patents on the behalf of AI systems. And Google Health describes the challenges in transitioning to clinical environments a system designed to detect diabetic eye disease. In research from the University of Bordeaux, researchers demonstrate the ability to give algorithms intrinsically-motivated goal exploration to enable them to search out interesting patterns in Lenia, an analog version of Conway's Game of Life. A review paper provides an overview of how neural networks sometimes attempt to "short circuit" learning. Peters, Janzing, and Schölkopf and MIT Press make Elements of Causal Inference available. The International Conference on Learning Representation makes its 2020 session available through a slick interface, covering the nearly 700 papers. And OpenAI releases Jukebox, an attempt to create music of a specified style, when given lyrics.

ai with ai: The Brainy Bunch

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-27

In COVID-related AI news, hospitals across the US are using an AI system called Deterioration Index to provide a snapshot of patients’s risks, even though the software has not yet been validated to be effective for those with COVID-19. Meanwhile, Qure.ai has retooled its qXR system, designed for chest x-rays, to detect COVID-induced pneumonia, and a preliminary validation study with 11,000 images found a 95% accuracy in distinguishing patients with and without COVID-19. The Digital Ethics Lab at University of Oxford has provided a set of ethical guidelines (16 yes/no questions) for those making COVID-19 Digital Tracking and Tracing (DTT) systems. And Carnegie Mellon provides five interactive maps for COVID-related issues in the US. The Joint AI Center unveils Salus, a prototype AI tool for examining where COVID-19 might impact logistics and supply chains. And Reuters spends time to debunk a false claim on the relation of AI to COVID-19. In regular AI news, Washington State passes major facial recognition legislation, defining how state and local government may use facial recognition. DARPA selects Georgia Tech and Intel to lead its Guaranteeing AI Robustness against Deception (GARD) program. And the Association for the Understanding of AI launches AIhub.org, to connect the public and AI community. In research, two German Institutes investigate the roles of different neurons in neural networks, and found populations that serve different functions; in addition, these populations could be extracted to a new network without having to train the new network on the same knowledge. Research from Bar-Ilan University demonstrate human brain learning mechanisms that outperform common AI learning algorithms, to include observing the same image 10 times in a second being more effective than observing the same imagine 1000 times in one month. The book of the week comes from Matthieu Thiboust, with Insights from the Brain, which aims to provide "neuroscience chunks of information related to AI." And CBS News 60 Minutes has a report on BlueDot, the company that warned its clients about the COVID-19 outbreak a week before the CDC.

ai with ai: This is Feyn

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-26

Andy and Dave discuss the initial results from King’s College London’s COVID Symptom Tracker, which found fatigue, loss of taste and smell, and cough to be the most common symptoms. MIT’s CSAIL and clinical team at Heritage Assisted Living announce Emerald, a wi-fi box that uses machine learning analyzes wireless signals to record (non-invasively) a person’s vital signs. AI Landing has developed a tool that monitors the distance between people and can send an alert when they get too close. And Johns Hopkins University updates its COVID tracker to provide greater levels of detail on information in the US. In non-COVID news, OpenAI releases Microscope, which contains visualizations of the layers and neurons of eight vision systems (such as AlexNet). The JAIC announces its “Responsible AI Champions” for AI Ethics Principles, and also issues a new RFI for new testing and evaluation technologies. In research, Udrescu and Tegmark publish AI Feynman, and improved algorithm that can find symbolic expressions that match data from an unknown function; they apply the method to 100 equations from Feynman’s Lectures on Physics, and it discovers all of them. The report of the week comes from nearly 60 authors across 30 organizations, a publication on Toward Trustworthy AI Development: Mechanisms for Supporting Verifiable Claims. The review paper of the week provides an overview of the State of the Art on Neural Rendering. The book of the week takes a look at the history of DARPA, in Transformative Technologies: Perspectives on DARPA. Stuart Kauffman gives his thoughts on complexity science and prediction, as they related to COVID-19. The ELLIS society holds its second online workshop on COVID on 15 April. Matt Reed creates Zoombot, a personalized chatbot to take your place in Zoom meetings. Ali Aliev creates Avatarify, to make yourself look like somebody else in real-time for your next Zoom meeting.

ai with ai: The COVID Game of Life

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-25

In COVID-related AI research, Andy and Dave discuss the joint announcement from Apple and Google on creating a voluntary COVID-19 tracing system that makes use of Bluetooth and anonymous crypto keys. A report in the BMJ screened 27 recent studies describing 31 COVID prediction models and found that all of the studies had a high risk of bias and that the reported performance of the models was probably optimistic. The Allen Institute for AI has updated its COVID-19 Open Research Dataset (CORD) to include “CoViz,” an AI-powered graph visualization tool. And mathematician John Conway, creator of The Game of Life, died at 82 from complications due to COVID-19. In non-COVID AI news, the National Security Commission on AI releases its 1 st   Quarter recommendations to Congress. Google Brain introduces a deep RL algorithm to the placement optimization problem for computer chip design. And MIT has provided a hub for AI learning for K-12 students. In research, Facebook AI, Oregon State, and Georgia Institute of Technology describe efforts at combining vision and language representation learning, with ViLBERT (vision-and-language BERT), resulting in a single model that can perform multiple tasks, and even leads to improvements on single-task performance. The United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research releases its report on Swarm Robotics. A research paper from Princeton shows a prediction of life outcomes (e.g., the likelihood of layoff, material hardship, GPA, etc) is still really hard. Joseph Blitzstein and Jessica Hwang provide their 2014 edition of Introduction to Probability for free. The Marine Corps University Press freely releases its 2019 Destination Unknown, a collection of short stories written and illustrated by Marines. And the New York Times publishes a Special Report on AI.

ai with ai: Never Give Up

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-24

In COVID-related AI topics, Andy and Dave discuss an emerging crop (no less than three!) of COVID-19 cough detectors that attempt to diagnose the presence of COVID by various voice measurements. In a similar vein, but for different purposes, the U.S. drone maker Draganfly announces it is working with the Australian Department of Defence to produce “pandemic drones,” which can detect coughing, sneezing, and respiratory rate at a difference. Folding@home has shifted its crowdsourcing computational power toward the COVID-19 problem set. In non-COVID news items, researchers at the University of California San Francisco have used deep learning algorithms to translate human brain signals for a set of 250 unique words, by recording brain signals for sentences as patients read them. In research, Uber AI and OpenAI announces their Enhanced POET (Pair Open-ended Trailblazer), which uses a procedural environment to create problems (gaps, stumps, stairs), which the agent then learns to solve, producing a diverse range of sophisticated behaviors. DeepMind reveals Agent57, the first reinforcement learning agent capable of surpassing the human benchmark for all 57 Atari games (though it still must be trained on each individually), using Never Give Up (NGU) memory to identify new environments, as well encouraging exploration and other components. The Survey of the Week takes a look at the development of deep learning for scientific discovery. A report from the BMJ suggests that studies claiming that AI outperforms doctors are “arguably exaggerated,” with a high risk of bias identified in 58 out of 81 studies. A New Conception of War, by Ian Brown, makes the Free Book of the Week, coming from the Marine Corps University Press; among many important concepts, it stresses the importance of debate and intellectual exploration among professional warfighters. Johns Hopkins APL is hosting a virtual event on Operationalizing AI in Health on 21 April. And Intelligent Heath Inspired! seeks to hold the largest summit on 25-27 May on the use of AI in medicine, with a particular focus on COVID-19.

ai with ai: COVium-Gatherum

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-23

Jvion has provided an online mapping tool to view regions of the United States and see the areas most vulnerable to issues related to COVID, a “COVID Vulnerability Map.” A video clip from Tectonix uses anonymized crowdsourced data to show how Spring Breakers at one Fort Lauderdale beach spread back across the United States, to demonstrate the ease with which a virus * could * spread. A new initiative from Boston Children’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School seeks to create a real-time way to get crowdsourced inputs on potential COVID infections, with “COVID Near You.” Kinsa, maker of smart thermometers, uses its information in an attempt to show county-level spread of COVID-19. On 23 March, CIFAR convened an International Roundtable on AI and COVID-19, which had over 60 particpants; among other points, the ground noted the stark gap between data that is available to governments and what is available to epidemiologists and modelers. C3.ai Digital Transformation Institute, a newly formed research consortium dedicated to accelerating applications of AI, seeks research proposals for AI tools to help curb the effects of the coronavirus. The European Commission is seeking ideas for AI and robotic solutions to help combat COVID-19. The New York Times builds the first U.S. county-level COVID-19 database. Complexity Science Hub Vienna compiles a dataset of country- and U.S. state-policy changes related to COVID-19. The Stanford Institute for Human-Centered AI convenes  a virtual conference on 1 April on COVID-19 and AI. And the ELLIS Society sponsors an online workshop on COVID-19 and AI. Finally, AI with AI producer John Stimpson interviews Dr. Alex Wong, co-founder of Darwin.AI and Euclid Labs, on COVID-Net, an open-sourced convolutional neural network for detecting COVID-19 in chest x-rays.