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intersections: Issue 14, May 2025

/our-media/newsletters/intersections/issue-14

Intersections is a CNA news digest of China’s efforts to acquire Western technology, and U.S. and partner efforts to protect that technology for national security.

with military implications. This issue considers several US ally and partner developments related to competition with the PRC that could affect US Navy (USN) and US security equities, including ... suppliers, which it projected would not occur until "spring of next year." Skydio, which manufactures its drones in the US and supplies its X10 drone to the US military, has said that battery packs were one ... is paying close attention to the conflict in Ukraine, in which Ukrainian forces have successfully used both military and commercial drones to defend against the Russian invasion. As noted in a recent CNA

intersections: Issue 7, December 2023

/our-media/newsletters/intersections/issue-7

Intersections, Issue 7, CNA news digest of China’s efforts to acquire Western technology, U.S. and partner efforts to protect technology for national security.

on global graphite supplies, which are already strained by increasing international demand for EVs. This, in turn, could affect the US military. In addition to large-capacity batteries , graphite can also be used to make graphene , an exceptionally strong and light advanced material that has numerous potential military applications , including in ballistic armor and stealth aircraft ... are still “ambiguous” about what is allowed, making planning for cross-border data operations “very hard.” Financial Sector Reforms PRC government reforms financial sector to channel resources

Russian Perspectives on Western Military Activities Oct 11

/analyses/2021/10/russian-perspectives-on-western-military-activities-oct-11

NATO’s relations with Russia were a dominant topic of discussion in Russian media during the reporting period.

military cooperation. It highlights Russia’s successes in joint operations with NATO in the Balkans and how those operations led to planning and concrete efforts to increase interoperability between ... Russian Perspectives on Western Military Activities Oct 11 Russian Perspectives on Western Military Activities: October 11-24, 2021 NATO’s relations with Russia were a dominant topic of discussion ... of the Euro-Atlantic Area, NATO military activities near Russia’s borders, the framing of continuing efforts at Russian-Belarussian defense integration as a response to such activities

Department of the Navy and Strategic Competition with the PRC

/analyses/2023/11/department-of-the-navy-and-strategic-competition-with-the-prc

Near-term recommendations for how the Navy can better position itself for competition below the threshold of armed conflict..

operational availability and reinvigorate a "whole-of-government naval approach" by improving maintenance planning processes and industrial capacity while expanding integration and interoperability ... with the requisite capability and capacity for an increasingly competitive environment means either planning for a large Navy topline increase or facing difficult choices. If it is the latter, prioritize those ... by recruiting, retaining, and developing high‑quality military and civilian personnel. The DON force must also have a fundamental understanding of the nature of the strategic competition with the PRC

Innovation Day

/our-research/cnai2/innovation-day-agenda

As the effects of the Earth's changing climate are being experienced every day in US cities and towns, government agencies can no longer afford to put off planning for and adapting to the realities ... of Ukraine has made a PRC invasion of Taiwan appear more credible and generated a sense of urgency among some leaders in Taiwan. This sense of urgency has prompted the Taiwan government and military to enact multifaceted reform with the goal of turning the Taiwan military into a credible deterrent and warfighting force. While some reform debates predate the Russia-Ukraine war, Taiwan government

Dynamics of Russia Civil-Military Relations

/analyses/2025/08/dynamics-of-russia-civil-military-relations

This report conceptualizes civil-military relations as a dynamic process of interaction among the Russian military, the presidency, and civilian actors.

the importance of a comprehensive, system-wide approach to ensuring military subordination, elite cohesion, and civilian support for the war. As European states reassess defense planning with reduced ... of interaction among the Russian military, the presidency, and civilian actors. Executive Summary This report continues CNA’s study on Russian wartime civil-military relations. It complements the previous ... civil-military relations as a dynamic process of interaction among the military, the presidency, and civilian actors, one in which the outcomes of these interactions reshape the distribution of power

Preparing for Civilian Harm Mitigation and Response in Large-Scale Combat Operations

/analyses/2024/08/preparing-for-civilian-harm-mitigation-and-response-in-large-scale-combat-operations

Civilian harm mitigation and response requires a comprehensive approach. This report makes recommendations for mitigation, response, learning, analysis, and reporting.

and response requires a comprehensive approach. This report makes recommendations for mitigation, response, learning, analysis, and reporting. The US military has always taken steps to safeguard the lives of civilians on the battlefield through a combination of compliance with international law and practical steps in planning and operations. However, in the past 20 years, the US and its allies have demonstrated that more can be done to protect civilians. An approach referred to as civilian harm mitigation and response (CHMR) emerged in the cauldron of military operations. With this approach, US

Are We Winning

/analyses/2014/are-we-winning

In more than a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the United States’ armed forces have encountered myriad challenges in their efforts to execute simultaneous counterinsurgency campaigns. Assessing progress on the ground—what we will refer to here as “operations assessment”—has proven an especially challenging task. For CNA analysts, as well as uniformed operations research and systems analysis (ORSA) personnel, the operations assessment process has grown in importance and consumed increasing analytic resources over the course of Operation Iraqi Freedom (OIF) and Operation Enduring Freedom (OEF). While there have been new and innovative approaches to operations assessment in recent years, there has also been a great deal of relearning old lessons from previous eras (under different conditions). This relearning is, at least in part, attributable to the lack of a comprehensive history of operations assessment.

Are We Winning Are We Winning? A Brief History of Military Operations Assessment In more than a decade of war in Iraq and Afghanistan, the United States’ armed forces have encountered myriad ... assessment. “Are we winning?” That simple question has proven decidedly difficult for the U.S. military to answer at various times in its history, and in recent decades has given rise to formal processes ... assessment, as has the broader military operations research community. Yet, to our knowledge, there is no comprehensive account of the history of operations assessment. This paper aims to serve

intersections: Issue 4, June 2023

/our-media/newsletters/intersections/issue-4

Intersections, Issue 4, CNA news digest of China’s efforts to acquire Western technology, U.S. and partner efforts to protect technology for national security.

processing, and 92 percent of rare earth magnet production. The rare earth sector has national security implications: rare earth products are used in a variety of US military systems, including ... for supporting PRC military programs, including programs related to airships and balloons. BIS actions are in response to the overflight of a PRC high-altitude balloon across the continental US. According to US media reporting, the balloon flew over a US Air Force base in the state of Montana and attracted nationwide attention before ultimately being shot down by the US military off the US East

State Policy of Russia toward Nuclear Deterrence

/analyses/2020/06/state-policy-of-russia-toward-nuclear-deterrence

In 2020, the Russian Federation released its “Foundations of State Policy” regarding nuclear deterrence. CNA has produced an informal English translation.

of State Policy” regarding nuclear deterrence. CNA has produced an informal English translation. I. General provisions These Foundations are a strategic planning document in the field of assuring defense and reflect official views on the essence of nuclear deterrence, define military dangers and threats for the neutralization of which nuclear deterrence is carried out, the principles of nuclear ... the Russian Federation and (or) its allies is one of the highest state priorities. The deterrence of aggression is ensured by the totality of the military might of the Russian Federation, including nuclear