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Personnel Cost Minimization

/reports/2019/04/personnel-cost-minimization

On average, female enlisted sailors have lower continuation rates than male sailors, but the size of the difference varies by enlisted management community (EMC) and years of service. To fill requirements as the female share of accessions increases, the Navy can increase the overall number of accessions, increase retention bonuses, or both. The choices generate different costs for each EMC that depend on the required accession qualifications (e.g., recruiting effort and training intensity/time), the EMC billet structure, and the size of the gender differences in continuation rates. We present a prototype stochastic inventory projection model that helps make two main decisions for each of 5 EMCs independently: (1) number of accessions and (2) selective reenlistment bonus (SRB) levels. For different levels of the female share of accessions, the model minimizes cost while meeting manning requirements. We then employ a second cost minimization routine (i.e., a bi-level optimization) to find the costminimizing solution across the five EMCs. If expanded to all EMCs, the model could provide analytic support for finding cost-minimizing accession and SRB plans.

, the Navy opened most skill specialties to women in 1994, and it opened the remaining few specialties in the last several years. On average, across all skill specialties, women have lower continuation rates

Las Vegas After Action Assessment

/reports/2016/las-vegas-after-action-assessment

On June 8, 2014, two Las Vegas (Nevada) police officers were shot and killed in the line of duty while eating lunch in a local restaurant. Also killed in this cowardly ambush was a Good Samaritan civilian. The murder of a police officer in the line of duty is not only a loss to the police department and the law enforcement profession; it is a loss to the community as well. However, the targeted murder of a police officer simply because he or she wears a uniform is a threat to our very democracy and compromises both public safety and national security. When such tragedies do occur, we must take every step necessary to learn from them and see what steps can be taken to enhance officer safety and wellness. The President’s Task Force on 21st Century Policing recognized this in making officer safety and wellness a pillar of its report, stressing that the well-being of our law enforcement officers is vital to public safety. I applaud former Las Vegas Metropolitan Police Department (LVMPD) Sheriff Douglas Gillespie for requesting this after-action report and commend the entire LVMPD for supporting an effort that will benefit the profession but required many to relive an unthinkable tragedy. We also commend CNA for their excellent work in preparing this detailed comprehensive analysis. Though we hope that no more tragedies like this occur in the future, we must do all we can to prepare for any possibility and work to reduce risk to the brave men and women who serve in law enforcement.

tragedies like this occur in the future, we must do all we can to prepare for any possibility and work to reduce risk to the brave men and women who serve in law enforcement. The Las Vegas, Nevada

Impacts on Field Training Officer Programs: Pairing Trainers and Trainees

/quick-looks/2021/impacts-of-field-training-officer-programs-pairing-trainers-and-trainees

Field training is often described as the most important stage in an officer’s career. The time spent with a field training officer is vital to the trainee’s career development and helps shapes the culture of an agency. Thus, it is imperative that the trainer-trainee relationship is one which facilitates learning and growth.

case studies mentioned numerous ways they felt their gender impacted their roles in law enforcement such as: women being requires to take on extra responsibilities (e.g., conducting searches); being

Gender Research

/expertise/force-readiness/gender/gender-research

This is a list of CNA research reports about gender and women in national security and the U.S. military, with links to the documents.

Gender Research This is a list of CNA research reports about gender and women in national security and the U.S. military, with links to the documents. Gender Research

Effect of Credentialing on Sailor Advancement

/reports/2023/05/effect-of-credentialing-on-sailor-advancement

Review of Navy’s Credentialing Opportunities On-Line (COOL) program to determine the extent the program enhances sailor advancement and retention and reduces the probability of requiring unemployment compensation on separation from the Navy.

are taking COOL exams during training, such as HMs in certain C-Schools. When we control for relevant factors, we find statistically significant differences in participation based on gender (women

Racial Bias Assessment of North Charleston PD

/reports/2021/11/racial-bias-assessment-of-north-charleston-pd

CNA conducted a racial bias assessment of the North Charleston Police Department. We assessed the NCPD’s policies and practices against emerging best practices.

recruit women and people of color. NCPD’s officers have not been consistently trained in topics of critical importance for 21st century policing. Community members expressed high confidence

Racial Bias Audit of the Niskayuna New York Police Department

/reports/2021/03/racial-bias-audit-of-the-niskayuna-new-york-police-department

This audit provides baseline information to inform the Town of Niskayuna’s response to Governor Andrew M. Cuomo’s Executive Order No. 203: New York State Police Reform and Reinvention Collaborative.1 In December of 2020, the Town of Niskayuna developed a contract with CNA’s Center for Justice Research and Innovation to conduct a racial bias audit of the NPD. This assessment focused on policies and practices, while also touching on more than racial matters. These types of assessments can help police departments gauge the status of community relationships and work towards improvement.

recruitment plans in place, especially for people of color, women, and youth in the community. NPD personnel lack trust in the promotion and specialty assignment process. NPD does not have a performance

Gender Differences Among DON Personnel

/reports/2019/04/gender-differences-among-don-personnel

This report documents an analysis of gender differences in misbehavior rates among enlisted personnel in the Department of the Navy (DON). Using indicators found in personnel data from the US Marine Corps (USMC) and the US Navy (USN), we show that, between fiscal year (FY) 1999 and FY 2015, male misbehavior rates were higher than female rates for every indicator, in every year for both services. Using data from FY 2015, we estimate that higher male misbehavior rates in the USMC (USN) resulted in about 1,400 (2,000) extra incidents of misbehavior and imposed about $57 ($197) million in extra costs. Based on these results, we conclude that excluding costs associated with higher rates of male misbehavior renders cost-benefit analyses of increasing gender integration incomplete. In addition, we recommend that the DON improve cost estimates of misbehavior to allocate resources toward prevention and response as effectively and efficiently as possible.

rates by gender using these observable personnel record indicators and find that DON active duty enlisted men had higher rates of misbehavior than women in every year between FY 1999 and FY 2015

Redefining Human Control

/reports/2018/03/redefining-human-control

This report examines the issue of human control with regard to lethal autonomy, an issue of significant interest in United Nations discussions in the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) forum. We analyze this issue in light of lessons and best practices from recent U.S. operations. Based on this analysis, we make the case for a wider framework for the application of human control over the use of force. This report recommends that CCW discussions currently focusing on process considerations, such as human control, should instead focus on outcome—namely, mitigation of inadvertent engagements. This allows consideration of a more complete set of benefits and risks of lethal autonomy and better management of risks. The report also describes best practices that can collectively serve as a safety net for the use of lethal autonomous weapons. It concludes with concrete recommendations for how the international community can more effectively address the risk of inadvertent engagements from lethal autonomy.

. A sniper in the aftermath of a firefight mistook a farmer in a ditch for a combatant. And a helicopter crew thought it was preventing an expected attack when it took aim at a convoy carrying women

coming in from the cold: The Iran-Iraq War

/our-media/podcasts/coming-in-from-the-cold/6

Michael Connell, the head of CNA’s Iran Studies Program, joins Bill and returning guest Kasey Stricklin to discuss the Iran-Iraq war.

6 Michael Connell, the head of CNA’s Iran Studies Program, joins Bill and returning guest Kasey Stricklin to discuss the Iran-Iraq war. The Iran-Iraq War Kasey Stricklin  is a research analyst with CNA's Russia program. Her current research focuses on Russian naval leadership, personnel and demographics. She has also conducted research at CNA on Russian nuclear strategy and thinking. She currently writes on women in the Russian economy for BMB Russia. Michael Connell   is an expert in Persian-Gulf security-related issues, the armed forces of Iran, U.S.-GCC security cooperation