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Law Enforcement Officer Safety

/analyses/2021/07/law-enforcement-officer-safety

This brief provides an accessible resource for law enforcement agencies, line officers, and their stakeholders (e.g., policy-makers, training instructors) to inform the development of targeted training, policies, and practices to promote officer safety while in the line of duty.

assaults, injuries, and line-of-duty deaths. Using machine learning techniques, CNA is producing a risk assessment model to link incident characteristics with officer safety outcomes. This work also

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 20

/analyses/2021/02/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-20

This report, the twentieth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies on Russian-language open source material.

).  The assessment of the departments and chief digital transformation officers took into account a variety of matters, including the quality and pace of implementation of government orders

What Makes Great Power Relations and Why Compete

/analyses/2020/01/what-makes-great-power-relations-and-why-compete

What does “great power competition” mean? Why might it be happening? This paper deconstructs such questions.

principle may narrow policymakers’ assessment of global events. These vulnerabilities center on the role of cooperation in great power dynamics. Most IR frameworks encourage, in at least some

Views of China Workshop

/analyses/2020/03/views-of-china-workshop

On June 17 and 18, 2019, CNA held a two-day workshop entitled “Views of China’s Presence in the Indian Ocean Region.” This workshop aimed to assess the reaction to China’s economic and military activities of IOR stakeholders from a wide range of IO littoral countries, as well as external countries with stakes in the IOR. This paper synthesizes the insights gained from presentations, workshop discussion, and participant papers prepared for this workshop.

and their assessment of their country’s interests and geostrategic circumstances. Collectively, the papers were revealing and touched on salient points. Appendix A includes a 500-word synopsis of each paper. Appendix

Use of Predictive Analytics

/analyses/2020/10/use-of-predictive-analytics

This issue brief is a product created through a partnership between BJA and CNA. The Using Analytics to Improve Officer Safety work examines granular incident data from 2015–2019 from several local law enforcement agencies to identify incident characteristics (characteristics specific to the incident and related to officer tactical response) associated with officer assaults, injuries, and line-of-duty deaths. Using machine learning techniques, CNA is producing a risk assessment model to link incident characteristics with officer safety outcomes. This work also entails working with participating agencies to identify best practices and recommendations to reduce risks to officer safety in the line of duty.

Use of Predictive Analytics Issue Brief: The Use of Predictive Analytics in Policing This issue brief is a product created through a partnership between BJA and CNA. The Using Analytics to Improve Officer Safety work examines granular incident data from 2015–2019 from several local law enforcement agencies to identify incident characteristics (characteristics specific to the incident and related to officer tactical response) associated with officer assaults, injuries, and line-of-duty deaths. Using machine learning techniques, CNA is producing a risk assessment model to link incident

Philadelphia PD Response to Civil Unrest

/analyses/2020/12/philadelphia-pd-response-to-civil-unrest

This after-action report provides an independent review of the Philadelphia Police Department’s (PPD) response to the mass demonstrations and civil unrest that occurred in the city from May 30 – June 15, 2020. While the findings contained in the report speak to this specific timeframe, the review team acknowledges that the response in Philadelphia (also referred to as “the City”) was not unlike the law enforcement response to similar events that occurred both nationally and globally. We provide this preface as a means to better understand the Philadelphia response within a national context, and also to provide a summary of key reforms initiated by the city and PPD since the start of our review in July 2020. These reforms represent the commitment of the City’s leadership and the PPD to initiate, implement and sustain organizational reform efforts concerning the management of First Amendment demonstrations, police use of force, and other resources needed to better prepare officers to meet their public safety mission.

that “the Department’s commitment to reform must include an assessment of how police responded to the very protests that called for change.” She also pledged to make public a final comprehensive report. The City

DoD Function Codes

/analyses/2019/04/dod-function-codes

Department of Defense (DoD) function codes identify the type of work performed by all activities in the defense infrastructure and operating forces.

/centers-and-divisions/cna/rfr/marine-corps-and-defense-workforce-program Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 268 DRM-2019-U-019326-Final Jen Atkin Assessment of Currency

Use of Safety Equipment in Correctional Facilities

/analyses/2019/04/use-of-safety-equipment-in-correctional-facilities

This study of prison safety equipment in 7 facilities and assaults and injuries finds correctional officer safety depends on training, attitude, and equipment.

empirical assessment to substantiate the officials’ views. As described in detail below, CNA’s proposed study builds on the GAO study. We propose conducting a further exploratory study to objectively

Promoting Civilian Protection during Security Assistance

/analyses/2019/05/promoting-civilian-protection-during-security-assistance

For four years, the United States provided the Saudi-led coalition with military equipment and assistance used in its campaign in Yemen. During that time, the US has wrestled with and debated both the legality and wisdom of its support. After four years of conflict in Yemen, the US should be asking: what lessons can be learned from four years of support to the Saudi-led coalition? In light of the significant civilian protection concerns seen in Yemen, is there a way to get better outcomes from security assistance activities? This report aims to answer those questions. We analyze US support to the Saudi-led coalition and identify two gaps in policy and information, respectively. We also examine the timely issue of better protecting health care in the midst of armed conflict. In this report, we provide a policy framework for including civilian protection considerations as part of security assistance.

framework for advancing civilian protection in security assistance includes the following functions: Assessment of partner capabilities and risks. This includes analysis of the professionalism

Proxy Warfare

/analyses/2019/07/proxy-warfare

Proxy warfare—that is, conflict in which a “major power instigates or plays a major role in supporting and directing to a conflict but does only a small portion of the actual fighting itself”—is receiving new attention from policymakers, analysts, and practitioners. This study uses a series of four case studies on US involvement in proxy war (the “Secret War” in Laos, the Contras in Central America, the African Union Mission in Somalia, and the Syrian Defense Forces) to develop a set of key themes. These themes, in turn, form the basis of a set of rules of thumb to guide senior decisionmakers as they contemplate the future use of proxy forces. Finally, this report discusses implications for U.S. Special Operations Forces, which are likely to play an increasingly important role in supporting U.S. proxies.

, and for developing policies and programs that will promote US national interests abroad. This report contributes to such an assessment. First, we present a series of four case studies: two on current proxy