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ai with ai: Revenge of the AWS

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Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, [0:53] starting with OpenAI’s announcement that it is making GPT-3 generally available through its API (though developers still require approval for production-scale applications). [3:09] For DARPA’s Gremlins program, two Gremlin Air Vehicles “validated all autonomous formation flying positions and safety features,” and one of the autonomous aircraft demonstrated airborne recovery to a C-130. [4:54] After three years, DARPA announces the winners of its Subterranean Robot Challenge, awarding prizes for teams operating in the “real-world” in virtual space. [7:03] The Defense Information Systems Agency released its Strategic Plan for 2022 through 2024, which includes plans to employ AI capabilities for defensive cyber operations. [8:08] The Department of Defense announces a new cloud initiative to replace the failed JEDI contract, with invitations to Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and Oracle to bid. [11:52] In research, DeepMind, Google Brain, and World Chess Champion Vladimir Kramnik join forces to peer into the guts of AlphaZero, with initial results showing strong evidence for the existence of “human-understandable concepts of surprising complexity” within the neural network. [17:48] Andrea Roli, Johannes Jaeger, and Stu Kauffman pen a white paper on how organisms come to know the world, and from these observations, derive fundamental limits on artificial general intelligence. [20:34] MIT Press makes available an elementary introduction to Bayesian Models of Perception and Action, by Wei Ji Ma, Konrad Paul Kording, and Daniel Goldreich. [23:40] And finally, Sam Bendett and Jeff Edmonds drop by for a chat on the latest and greatest in Russian AI and Autonomy – including an update on recent military expos and other AI-related events happening in Russia.

ai with ai: Face/Off

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Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including the Defense Innovation Unit releasing Responsible AI Guidelines in Practice, which seeks to ensure tech contractors adhere to the Department of Defense’s existing ethical principles for AI [0:53]. “Meta” (the Facebook re-brand) announces that it will end its use of facial recognition software and delete data on more than a billion people, though it will retain the technology for other products in its metaverse [3:12]. Australia’s information and privacy commissioners release an order to Clearview AI to stop collecting facial biometrics from Australian citizens and to destroy all existing data [5:16]. The U.S. Marine Corps releases a Talent Management 2030 report, which describes the need for more cognitively mature Marines and seeks to “leverage the power of AI,” and to be “at the vanguard of service efforts to operationalize AI [7:39].” DOD releases at 2021 Report on Military and Security Developments Involving the People’s Republic of China, which describes China’s use of AI technology in influence operations, the digital silk road, military capabilities, and more [10:46]. A competition using unrestricted adversarial examples at the 2021 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition includes as co-authors several members of the Army Engineering University of the People’s Liberation Army [11:43]. Research from Okinawa and Australia demonstrates that deep reinforcement learning can produce accurate quantum control, even with noisy measurements, using a small particle moving in a double-well. [14:31] MIT Press makes available a nearly 700-page book, Algorithms for Decision Making, organized around four sources of uncertainty (outcome, model, state, and interaction) [18:01]. And Dr. Amanda Kerrigan and Kevin Pollpeter join Andy and Dave to discuss their latest research in what China is doing with AI technology, including a bi-weekly newsletter on the topic, and a preliminary analysis on China’s view of Intelligent Warfare [20:06].

ai with ai: The Ode to Decoy

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Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including: NATO releases its first AI strategy, which included the announcement of a one billion euro “NATO innovation fund.” [0:52] Military research labs in the US and UK collaborate on autonomy and AI in a combined demonstration, integrating algorithms and automated workflows into military operations. [2:58] A report from CSET and MITRE identifies that the Department of Defense already has a number of AI and related experts, but that the current system hides this talent. [6:45] The National AI Research Resource Task Force partners with Stanford’s Human-Centered AI and the Stanford Law School to publish Building a National AI Research Resource: A Blueprint for the National Research Cloud. [6:45] And in a trio of “AI fails,” a traffic camera in the UK mistakes a woman for a car and issues a fine to the vehicle’s owner; [9:10] the Allen Institute for AI introduces Delphi as a step toward developing AI systems that behave ethically (though it sometimes thinks that it’s OK to murder everybody if it creates jobs); [10:07] and a WSJ report reveals that Facebook’s automated moderation tools were falling far short on accurate identification of hate speech and videos of violence and incitement. [12:22] Ahmed Elgammal from Rutgers teams up with Playform to compose two movements for Beethoven’s Tenth Symphony, for which the composer left only sketches before he died. And finally, Andy and Dave welcome Dr. Heather Wolters and Dr. Megan McBride to discuss their latest research on the Psychology of (Dis)Information, with a pair of publications, one providing a primer on key psychological mechanisms, and another examining case studies and their implications.

ai with ai: K9mm

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Welcome to Season 5.0 of AI with AI! Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including. The White House calls for an AI “bill of rights,” and invites comments for information. In its 4th year, Nathan Benaich and Ian Hogarth publish their State of AI Report, 2021. [1:50] OpenAI uses reinforcement learning from human feedback and recursive task decomposition to improve algorithms’ abilities to summarize books. [3:14] IEEE Spectrum publishes a paper that examines the diminishing returns of deep learning, questioning the long-term viability of the technology. [5:12] In related news, Nvidia and Microsoft release a 530 billion-parameter style language model, the Megatron-Turing Natural Language Generation model (MT-NLG). [6:54] DeepMind demonstrates the use of a GAN in improving high-resolution precipitation “nowcasting.” [10:05] Researchers from Waterloo, Guelph, and IIT Madras publish research on deep learning that can identify early warning signals of tipping points. [11:54] Military robot maker Ghost Robots creates a robot dog with a rifle, the Special Purpose Unmanned Rifle, or SPUR. [14:25] And Dr. Larry Lewis joins Dave and Andy to discuss the latest report from CNA on Leveraging AI to Mitigate Civilian Harm, which describes the causes of civilian harm in military operations, identifies how AI could protect civilians from harm and identifies ways to lessen the infliction of suffering, injury, and destruction overall. [16:36]

ai with ai: Where the Dan Board Are

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-4/4-45

Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including, the UK government releases its National AI Strategy, a 10-year plan to make the country a global AI superpower [1:28]. Stanford University’s One Hundred Year Study on AI Project releases its second report, Gathering Strength, Gathering Storms, assessing developments in AI between 2016 and 2021 around fourteen framing questions. [4:57] The UN High Commissioner for Human Rights calls for a moratorium on the sale and use of AI systems that pose series risks to human rights, until adequate safeguards are put into place. [10:07] Jack Poulson at Tech Inquiry maps out US government use of AI-based weapons and surveillance, using publicly available information. [12:07] Researchers at Hebrew University examine the potential of single cortical neurons as deep artificial neural networks, finding that a deep neural network with 5-8 layers are necessary to approximate them. [16:10] Researchers at Stanford review the different architectures of neuronal circuits in the human brain, identifying different circuit motifs. [20:02] Other research at Stanford shows the ability to image and track moving non-line-of-sight objects using a single optical path (shining a laser through a keyhole). [22:05] And researchers at MIT, Nvidia, and Technion demonstrate that a neural network can identify the number and activity of people in a room, solely by examining a blank wall in the room. [26:33] The Nils Theory research group publishes Physics-Based Deep Learning, introducing physical models into deep learning to reconcile data-centered viewpoints with physical simulations. [30:34] Ori Cohen compiles the Machine and Deep Learning Compendium, an open resource (GitBook) on over 500 topics with summaries, links, and articles. [32:21] The Allen Institute for AI releases a web tool that converts PDF papers into HTML for more rapid web publishing of scientific papers. [33:20] And the Museum of Wild and Newfangled Art: This Show is Curated by a Machine invites viewers to ponder on why they think an AI chose the works within. [34:43]

ai with ai: Chasing AIMe

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Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI new and research, including: [1:28] Researchers from several universities in biomedicine establish the AIMe registry, a community-driven reporting platform for providing information and standards of AI research in biomedicine. [4:15] Reuters publishes a report with insight into examples at Google, Microsoft, and IBM, where ethics reviews have curbed or canceled projects. [8:11] Researchers at the University of Tübingen create an AI method for significantly accelerating super-resolution microscopy, which makes heavy use of synthetic training data. [13:21] The US Navy establishes Task Force 59 in the Middle East, which will focus on the incorporation of unmanned and AI systems into naval operations. [15:44] The Department of Commerce establishes the National AI Advisory Committee, in accordance with the National AI Initiative Act of 2020. [19:02] Jess Whittlestone and Jack Clark publish a white paper on Why and How Governments Should Monitor AI Development, with predictions into the types of problems that will occur with inaction. [19:02] The Center for Security and Emerging Technology publishes a series of data-snapshots related to AI research, from over 105 million publications. [23:53] In research, Google Research, Brain Team, and University of Montreal take a broad look at deep reinforcement learning research and find discrepancies between conclusions drawn from point estimates (fewer runs, due to high computational costs) versus more thorough statistical analysis, calling for a change in how to evaluate performance in deep RL. [30:13] Quebec AI Institute publishes a survey of post-hoc interpretability on neural natural language processing. [31:39] MIT Technology Review dedicates its Sep/Oct 2021 issues to The Mind, with articles all about the brain. [32:05] Katy Borner publishes Atlas of Forecasts: Modeling and Mapping Desirable Futures, showing how models, maps, and forecasts inform decision-making in education, science, technology, and policy-making. [33:16] DeepMind in collaboration with University College London offers a comprehensive introduction to modern reinforcement learning, with 13lectures (~1.5 hours each) on the topic.

ai with ai: AI Today: Interview with Andy Ilachinski and David Broyles

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Andy and Dave were recently interviewed on the AI Today podcast. On the AI Today podcast we regularly interview thought leaders who are implementing AI and cognitive technology at various companies and agencies. However in this episode hosts Kathleen Walch and Ron Schmelzer interview Andy Ilachinski and David Broyles, hosts of the AI with AI podcast. On their podcast, they explore the latest breakthroughs in artificial intelligence and autonomy, as well as their military implications so naturally, we discussed with them some of the biggest trends they are seeing emerging out of AI today, some of the challenges to AI adoption especially in military applications, and some of the surprising insights and trends they have seen over the 4 years they have hosted their podcast.

ai with ai: Horrorscope

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-4/4-43

Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including: 0:57: The Allen Institute for AI and others come together to create a publicly available “COVID-19 Challenges and Directions” search engine, building off of the corpus of COVID-related research. 5:06: Researchers with the University of Warwick perform a systematic review of test accuracy for the use of AI in image analysis of breast cancer screening and find most (34 or 36) AI systems were less accurate than a single radiologist, and all were less accurate than a consensus of two or more radiologists (among other concerning findings). 10:19: A US judge rejects an appeal for the AI system DABUS to own a patent, noting that US federal law requires an “individual” to be an owner, and the legal definition of an “individual” is a natural person. 17:01: The US Patent and Trademark Office uses machine learning to analyze the history of AI in patents. 19:42: BCS publishes Priorities for the National AI Strategy, as the UK seeks to set global AI standards. 20:42: In research, MIT, Northeastern, and U Penn explore the challenges of discerning emotion from a person’s facial movements (which largely relates to context), and highlight the reasons why facial recognition algorithms will struggle with this task. 28:02: GoogleAI uses diffusion models to generate high fidelity images; the approach slowly adds noise to corrupt the training data and then using a neural network to reverse that corruption. 35:07: Springer-Verlag makes AI for a Better Future, by Bernd Carsten Stahl, available for open access. 36:19: Thomas Smith, the co-founder of Gado Images, chats with GPT-3 about theCOVID-19 pandemic and finds that it provides some interesting responses to his questions.

ai with ai: Pet Shop Bots: BEHAVIOR

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-4/4-42

Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news and research, including: 0:46   : The GAO releases a more extensive report on US Federal agency use of facial recognition technology, including what purposes. 3:24   : The US Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate publishes its AI and ML Strategic Plan, with an implementation plan to follow. 5:39   : Ada Lovelace Institute, AI Now Institute, and Open Government Partnership publish a global study on Algorithmic Accountability for the Public Sector, which focuses on accountability mechanisms stemming from laws and policy. 9:04   : Research from North Caroline State University shows that the benefits of autonomous vehicles will outweigh the risks, with proper regulation. 13:18   : Research section Introduction 14:24   : Researchers at the Allen Institute for AI and the University of Washington demonstrate that artificial agents can learn generalizable visual representation during interactive gameplay, embodied within an environment (AI2-THOR); agents demonstrated knowledge of the principles of containment, object permanence, and concepts of free space. 19:37   : Researchers at Stanford University introduce BEHAVIOR (Benchmark for Everyday Household Activities in Virtual, Interactive, and ecOlogical enviRonments), which establishes benchmarks for simulation of 100 activities that human often perform at home. 24:02   : A survey examines the dynamics of research communities and AI benchmarks, suggesting that hybrid, multi-institution, and persevering communities are the ones more likely to improve state-of-the-art performance, among other things. 28:54   : Springer-Verlag makes Representation Learning for Natural Language Processing available online. 32:09   : Terry Sejnowski and Stephen Wolfram publish a three-hour discussion on AI and other topics.

ai with ai: The WHO AI: I Can’t Explain (My Generation)

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Andy and Dave discuss the latest in AI news, including an overview of Tesla’s “AI Day,” which among other things, introduced the Dojo supercomputers specialized for ML, the HydraNet single deep-learning model architecture, and a “humanoid robot,” the Tesla Bot. Researchers at Brown University introduce neurograins, grain-of-salt-sized wireless neural sensors, for which they use nearly 50 to record neural activity in a rodent. The Associated Press reports on the flaws in ShotSpotter’s AI gunfire detection system, and one case which used such evidence to send a man to jail for almost a year before a judge dismissed the case. The Department of the Navy releases its Science and Technology Strategy for Intelligent Autonomous Systems (publicly available), including an Execution Plan (available only through government channels). The National AI Research Resource Task Force extends its deadline for public comment in order to elicit more responses. The Group of Governmental Experts on Certain Conventional Weapons holds its first 2021 session for the discussion of lethal autonomous weapons systems; their agenda has moved on to promoting a common understanding and definition of LAWS. And Stanford’s Center for Research on Foundation Models publishes a manifesto: On the Opportunities and Risks of Foundation Models, seeking to establish high-level principles on massive models (such as GPT3) upon which many other AI capabilities build. In research, Georgie Institute of Technology, Cornell University, and IBM Research AI examine how the “who” in Explainable AI (e.g., people with or without a background in AI) shapes the perception of AI explanations. And Alvy Ray Smith pens the book of the week, with A Biography of the Pixel, examining the pixel as the “organizing principle of all pictures, from cave paintings to Toy Story.”