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Evolution of US Navy Roles in NATO

/reports/2021/08/evolution-of-us-navy-roles-in-nato

This paper, written in 2004, was catalyzed by a series of conferences held in Europe in the early twenty-first century that analyzed international naval policies and history.

The US Navy has been deployed globally and forward, almost frombirth, to further US diplomatic, military, and economic policies.Through much—but not all—of its history, the United States haskept permanent forward deployed naval forces in European waters. At the beginning of the Cold War and on a few occasions since,the Mediterranean was the most important forward theater of USnaval planning

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 6

/reports/2020/07/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-6

Issue 6 for July 2020 of a CNA newsletter providing information and analysis on AI in Russia, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities.

, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities. The Artificial Intelligence in Russia newsletter features a summary of recent Russian-language reports on the Russian AI and autonomy ecosystem, divided into the following sections: Governance and Legal Developments Military and Security Developments Corporate and Market Developments Education and Training Developments ... is planning to allocate over 89 billion rubles ($1,250 million) of budget funds to implement over 40 specific AI-related tasks by 2024, notes RIA Novosti. On July 6, TASS and other news agencies reported

Nuclear Arms Control Without a Treaty

/reports/2019/03/nuclear-arms-control-without-a-treaty

The United States must prepare to compete with Russia without a treaty that verifiably constrains intercontinental range nuclear weapons. This coming challenge stems from three changes in US-Russian relations.Recognizing these changing conditions, the report explores risks, uncertainties, and US policy options for a world in which there is significant competition between Washington and Moscow, but no bilateral strategic nuclear arms control treaty.

reductions. Neither country would have the same degree of confidence in its ability to assess the other’s precise warhead levels. Worst-case scenario planning is also more likely as a result. Over ... a military impact, Japan might perceive them as undermining the US security commitment. Currently the United States and China have no cooperative framework for insulating their nuclear relationship from

Evolution of Gender Integration in the DON Summary of Five Analytical Efforts

/reports/2019/04/evolution-of-gender-integration-in-the-don-summary-of-five-analytical-efforts

CNA analysts focus on the changes in the gender mix of personnel on retention and manning and how changes effect actual and potential personnel policy changes on Department of the Navy personnel inventories and budgets.

serving in combat roles. During this phase, the question of whether and how women should serve in the military was seen more as a social and political issue than as an issue to be resolved analytically ... ) for accession planning, none has been designed to aid in determining cost-minimizing combinations of accession and selective reenlistment bonus (SRB) strategies. To fill this gap and answer question #1

DoD Function Codes

/reports/2019/04/dod-function-codes

Department of Defense (DoD) function codes identify the type of work performed by all activities in the defense infrastructure and operating forces.

and unmanned systems. They also do not reflect areas that have received significant congressional or departmental attention in recent years, such as operational contract support planning, force ... decision-making throughout DoD. Function codes are currently the only formal construct that bridges military and civilian billets performing similar work; the purpose and value of these data need to be conveyed

Promoting Civilian Protection during Security Assistance

/reports/2019/05/promoting-civilian-protection-during-security-assistance

For four years, the United States provided the Saudi-led coalition with military equipment and assistance used in its campaign in Yemen. During that time, the US has wrestled with and debated both the legality and wisdom of its support. After four years of conflict in Yemen, the US should be asking: what lessons can be learned from four years of support to the Saudi-led coalition? In light of the significant civilian protection concerns seen in Yemen, is there a way to get better outcomes from security assistance activities? This report aims to answer those questions. We analyze US support to the Saudi-led coalition and identify two gaps in policy and information, respectively. We also examine the timely issue of better protecting health care in the midst of armed conflict. In this report, we provide a policy framework for including civilian protection considerations as part of security assistance.

coalition with military equipment and assistance used in its campaign in Yemen. During that time, the US has wrestled with and debated both the legality and wisdom of its support. After four years ... considerations as part of security assistance. For four years, the United States provided the Saudi-led coalition with military equipment and assistance used in its campaign in Yemen. During ... partner forces enter into a combat role, in addition to training and education, US advisors should work with them to help with planning, tactics, operational approaches, and strategies for protecting

Protecting Civilians in Gaza Requires Not Just a Will, but a Way

/our-media/indepth/2023/10/protecting-civilians-in-gaza

The U.S. can help Israel reduce civilian casualties in Gaza with advice on civilian harm mitigation in military operations, using lessons from Iraq, etc.

includes deliberate risk reduction efforts at every stage of a military operation: mission and mandate, planning, tactical execution, assessment, response, learning and adapting, and institutional ... by identifying risk factors for civilians. In planning, the Israeli military can gather basic information about the civilian environment, such as population density, presence of humanitarian organizations ... Protecting Civilians in Gaza The U.S. can help Israel reduce civilian casualties in Gaza with advice on civilian harm mitigation in military operations, using lessons from Iraq, etc. /images

Declining Demographics Challenge South Korea’s Defense

/our-media/indepth/2024/08/declining-demographics-challenge-south-koreas-defense

South Korea’s low birth rate threatens to reduce its troop strength. Seoul is exploring options to compensate, with implications for the US-South Korea alliance.

of immigration—to maintain a stable population. All South Korean men between the ages of 18 and 35 are required to serve 18–24 months in the military, but the number of 20-year-old men conscripted ... that the South Korean military needs to onboard approximately 200,000 soldiers a year to sustain current troop levels. The demographic crisis has propelled South Korea’s Ministry of National Defense to look for alternative solutions, by increasing compulsory service recruitments and using modern weaponry in lieu of manpower. Expanding Options for Military Personnel The Ministry of National Defense has

North Korea's Strategic Surprise in the Yellow Sea: A Future Scenario

/our-media/indepth/2022/01/north-koreas-strategic-surprise-in-the-yellow-sea

Markus Garlauskas presents a fictional future Yellow Sea conflict scenario, following the consequences of a surprise attack by North Korea against South Korea.

Should Prepare for a Crisis in the Yellow Sea . It is a stark warning of the potential consequences if the United States and South Korea are unprepared for the military and political implications of North ... the need to show restraint—particularly after Beijing warned “all sides” not to escalate. South Korea's president, confident in his military advantage and U.S. backing, stood firm while offering talks ... North Korea's refinement of these weapons had gone largely unchecked… … To their credit, the island's defenders began returning fire within minutes, and the South Korean military rapidly moved

Lessons from the 2004 Tsunami Response

/our-media/indepth/2020/04/lessons-from-the-2004-tsunami-response

U.S. Deputy Secretary of State Stephen Biegun organized a conference call with close allies and partners to discuss the COVID-19 crisis and ways to coordinate their responses.

. Nations from around the world responded by providing disaster relief to the affected countries. The U.S. military conducted Operation Unified Assistance to deliver relief. The USNS Mercy , which ... leadership in planning their overseas responses. At present, all are summoning the power of their militaries in various ways . At the same time, all four are currently engaged in larger ... , China was not the economic and military powerhouse that it is today. Allies and partners coordinating on COVID-19 should consider opportunities to work with Beijing where useful. As Washington