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Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 9

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This report, the ninth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies on Russian-language open source material.

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 8

/analyses/2020/08/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-8

Timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. Relies on Russian-language open source material.

Chinas Improving Foreign Directed Media

/analyses/2020/08/chinas-improving-foreign-directed-media

Over the last 15 years, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has conducted an ambitious campaign to increase the efficacy of its external propaganda. Drawing from primary Chinese languages sources, this study identifies and traces the origins of the overarching objectives of these efforts. In addition, it outlines the concrete steps that Beijing has taken to date to strengthen Chinese foreign-directed media. Using translated professional journals, the study also analyzes how Chinese subject matter experts in their own words assess Beijing’s successes and shortcomings in improving the reach and resonance of China’s external propaganda. This research was conducted on behalf of the US Indo-Pacific Command’s China – Strategic Focus Group in support of USINDOPACOM requirements.

Economic Statecraft China

/analyses/2020/08/economic-statecraft-china

The People’s Republic of China (PRC) pursues its national security objectives through a wide variety of cross-domain activities. The PRC’s legal economic statecraft activities are connected directly to China’s growing military power. China’s legal means of obtaining technology damages the technological superiority of the United States and its partners and allies. This report illustrates the pathways by which China legally acquires foreign technology and builds capabilities to support its national security objectives. These pathways include: (1) trade, (2) market access requirements, (3) overseas investment, and (4) the transfer of human capital. This report also identifies key challenges for the United States in countering China’s efforts. First, the PRC is ambitious and adapts it economic techniques to deal with changing regulatory environments. Second, the United States has multiple “leakage points” that provide avenues for the PRC to access emerging technology. Third, China offers appealing incentives that put the US and other countries as risk of technology loss. Thus, a comprehensive strategy for technology protection is needed to address China’s foreign technology acquisition.

Chinese Information Shaping in Mekong

/analyses/2020/09/chinese-information-shaping-in-mekong

This document summarizes a series of five CNA reports on China’s efforts to shape the information environments of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam. For each country, we began by establishing a general understanding of the country’s information environment—the aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that play key roles in shaping opinions through the dissemination of news and information—so that we could place China’s efforts into context. Next, we identified key PRC narratives and examined each of the tactics, tools, and techniques that China is employing to promote those narratives to local audiences. Finally, CNA identified issues that affect the reach and resonance of China’s efforts to shape the views of local audiences in each country. This document draws from the five country reports to offer broad observations about how China is attempting to influence what audiences in the region read, hear, and watch.

Social Media Bots: Laws

/analyses/2020/09/social-media-bots-laws

While social media bots have the ability to greatly affect US national security and public discourse, the current landscape of US federal and state laws regulating such bots is limited. This study explores the challenges inherent to passing social media bot-related legislation and details current efforts to do so, including at the federal and state levels. It briefly explores the context in the European Union as well. This paper then discusses the dilemmas social media companies face as they think about effective bot policies and identifies the four main categories of policies through which the social media platforms regulate the use of bots on their sites. As they face evolving threats from bots, the social media companies will continue to adapt their policies accordingly, though it remains an open question whether and to what extent these companies should regulate themselves in the face of additional pressure from Congress and the public.

Russian Military in the Arctic

/analyses/2020/09/russian-military-in-the-arctic

Since 2008, Russia has expanded its military presence in the Arctic—which it views as symbolically, strategically, and economically vital.

Chinese Information Shaping in Vietnam

/analyses/2020/09/chinese-information-shaping-in-vietnam

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has embarked on a campaign to shape what audiences around the world read, hear, and watch about China. This focuses on China’s efforts to shape information in its neighbor, Vietnam.

Chinese Information Shaping in Cambodia

/analyses/2020/09/chinese-information-shaping-in-cambodia

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has embarked on a campaign to shape what audiences around the world read, hear, and watch about China. This report is part of a series that assesses Beijing’s efforts to influence the media environment in the neighboring Mekong countries—Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Vietnam, and Thailand. This report focuses on China’s efforts to reach audiences in Cambodia. To place China’s efforts into context, this report begins with an overview of Cambodia’s information environment—the aggregate of key individuals, organizations, and systems that help shape opinion by disseminating news and information. Next, the report identifies key narratives that China is promoting to audiences in Cambodia and examines each of the tactics, tools, and techniques that it is employing to do so. The report concludes with a discussion of observations regarding the effect of China’s efforts and issues to watch as the Cambodia information environment—and China’s footprint there—evolves.

Chinese Information Shaping in Thailand

/analyses/2020/09/chinese-information-shaping-in-thailand

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has embarked on a campaign to shape what audiences around the world read, hear, and watch about China. This focuses on China’s efforts to shape information in its neighbor, Thailand.