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Tracking Outcomes of Voluntary Military Education Programs Review

/analyses/2021/04/tracking-outcomes-of-voluntary-military-education-programs-review

The Department of Defense (DoD) provides education benefits to Servicemembers and their spouses. Two such benefits are the Tuition Assistance (TA) program, designed to decrease the financial burden of higher education for military members, and the My Career Advancement Account (MyCAA) scholarship program, a workforce development program designed to assist eligible military spouses in pursuing training, licenses, credentials, certifications, and associate degrees in support of developing portable employment and careers. A dearth of information on the educational and financial outcomes of TA and MyCAA users prompted Congress to mandate, in the 2014 DoD Appropriations Bill, a study to document the aggregate graduation rates, financial indebtedness, and loan default rates of these military families. Here, we summarize information from the TA and MyCAA literature. However, because little information is currently available, we also explore the civilian higher education literature on tuition reimbursement, graduation rates, student debt, and loan default rates. This provides the relevant background information needed for the quantitative portion of this study, in which we will collect and analyze available data on educational outcomes for TA and MyCAA users.

Policy asked CNA to conduct this congressionally mandated study. In this preliminary report, we summarize the TA and MyCAA literature—including research on these programs’ use and outcomes. Because ... /Tracking-Outcomes-of-Voluntary-Education-Programs-A-Literature-Review-Image.jpg Marine Corps and Defense Workforce Program /centers-and-divisions/cna/rfr/marine-corps-and-defense-workforce-program DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution

Understanding Gender and Violent

/analyses/2021/04/understanding-gender-and-violent

The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict – Stability and Humanitarian Affairs (OASD (SO/LIC-SHA)) asked CNA to study the role of women and gender in both violent extremist organizations (VEOs) and US counterterrorism (CT) and counter violent extremism (CVE) operations (hereafter CT/CVE). Our research demonstrates that the dominant stereotypes about women’s roles in VEOs miss the vast majority of female activity in these groups and fundamentally fail to capture women’s lived experiences. Despite the passage of Women, Peace, and Security (WPS) legislation in the US, we found that internal DOD activities that are truly gender considered are severely limited, lack nuance, and are not institutionalized. External US CT/CVE efforts do not consider the roles men or women play from a nuanced perspective, and they are disproportionately influenced by a set of gender stereotypes that shape expectations of men and women’s roles. Much of the current DOD approach can be traced to misunderstanding gender as a concept. This report provides an analysis of the gaps, risks, and opportunities for the Department of Defense (DOD) on understanding women and gender in extremism, and integrating a gender considered approach to CT/CVE.

Understanding Gender and Violent Understanding Gender and Violent Extremism The Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict – Stability and Humanitarian Affairs (OASD (SO/LIC-SHA)) asked CNA to study the role of women and gender in both violent extremist organizations (VEOs) and US counterterrorism (CT) and counter violent extremism (CVE ... Secretary of Defense for Special Operations/Low Intensity Conflict – Stability and Humanitarian Affairs (OASD (SO/LIC-SHA)) asked  CNA to study the role of women and gender in both violent extremist

How Single Salary Compensation Impacts Military Housing

/analyses/2020/06/how-single-salary-compensation-impacts-military-housing

The director of the Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation asked CNA to examine the potential effects of an single-salary system (SSS) on the military’s privatized housing. We found that an SSS would pose serious challenges to the military’s privatized family housing projects because it would eliminate the Basic Allowance for Housing (BAH) and reduce incomes for active-duty residents.

How Single Salary Compensation Impacts Military Housing How a Single-Salary Compensation System Could Affect Privatized Military Housing The director of the Quadrennial Review of Military Compensation asked CNA to examine the potential effects of an single-salary system (SSS) on the military’s privatized housing. We found that an SSS would pose serious challenges to the military’s privatized ... /Single-SalaryCompensationSystem.jpg /reports/2020/06/Single-SalaryCompensationSystemPageImage.jpg Marine Corps and Defense Workforce Program /centers-and-divisions/cna/rfr/marine-corps-and-defense-workforce-program DISTRIBUTION

State Policy of Russia toward Nuclear Deterrence

/analyses/2020/06/state-policy-of-russia-toward-nuclear-deterrence

In 2020, the Russian Federation released its “Foundations of State Policy” regarding nuclear deterrence. CNA has produced an informal English translation.

State Policy of Russia toward Nuclear Deterrence Foundations of State Policy of the Russian Federation in the Area of Nuclear Deterrence In 2020, the Russian Federation released its “Foundations of State Policy” regarding nuclear deterrence. CNA has produced an informal English translation. I. General provisions These Foundations are a strategic planning document in the field of assuring ... in the assurance of nuclear deterrence. These Foundations may come to be clarified depending on external and internal factors affecting how defense may be assured. Informal translation by the CNA Russia

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 7

/analyses/2020/07/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-7

Issue 7 for July 2020 of a CNA newsletter providing information and analysis on AI in Russia, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities.

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 7 Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 7, July 31, 2020 Issue 7 for July 2020 of a CNA newsletter providing information and analysis on AI in Russia, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities. The Artificial Intelligence in Russia newsletter features a summary of recent Russian-language reports on the Russian AI and autonomy ecosystem ... /reports/2020/08/Russia%20Intel%20Issue%207.png Russia Studies /centers-and-divisions/cna/rsp/russia-studies DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 7/31/2020

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 5

/analyses/2020/07/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-5

Issue 5 for July 2020 of a CNA newsletter providing information and analysis on AI in Russia, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities.

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 5 Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 5, July 1, 2020 Issue 5 for July 2020 of a CNA newsletter providing information and analysis on AI in Russia, especially AI applied to Russian military capabilities. The Artificial Intelligence in Russia newsletter features a summary of recent Russian-language reports on the Russian AI and autonomy ecosystem ... /reports/2020/07/DOP-2020-U-026223-Final6.png /reports/2020/07/Artificial%20Intelligence%20in%20Russia.png Russia Studies /centers-and-divisions/cna/rsp/russia-studies DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 9

/analyses/2020/08/artificial-intelligence-in-russia-issue-9

This report, the ninth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies on Russian-language open source material.

Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 9 Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 9, August 28, 2020 This report, the ninth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military ... Studies /centers-and-divisions/cna/rsp/russia-studies DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 8/28/2020 28 DOP-2020-U-027966-Final

AI in Russia Issue 11

/analyses/2020/09/ai-in-russia-issue-11

This report, the eleventh in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies on Russian-language open source material.

AI in Russia Issue 11 Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 11, September 25, 2020 This report, the eleventh in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities ... Studies /centers-and-divisions/cna/rsp/russia-studies DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution unlimited. 9/25/2020 26 DOP-2020-U-028240-Final

AI in Russia Issue 10

/analyses/2020/09/ai-in-russia-issue-10

This report, the tenth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies on Russian-language open source material.

AI in Russia Issue 10 Artificial Intelligence in Russia Issue 10, September 11, 2020 This report, the tenth in a series of biweekly updates, is part of an effort by CNA to provide timely, accurate, and relevant information and analysis of the field of civilian and military artificial intelligence (AI) in Russia and, in particular, how Russia is applying AI to its military capabilities. It relies ... /reports/2020/09/DOP-2020-U-028126-Final.png /reports/2020/09/russia%2010.png Russia Studies /centers-and-divisions/cna/rsp/russia-studies DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release: distribution

Putting Innovation into Practice

/analyses/2020/09/putting-innovation-into-practice

Innovation is a key enabling concept in the 2018 National Defense Strategy. Not only does the US military need to continue to maintain effectiveness in military operations, but in the face of a new competitive environment, and the increasing importance of commercial technology, the US will need to practice innovation to maintain a military edge and meet national security goals. The critical role of innovation is repeated throughout the NDS. But what can the US do to pursue effective innovation? And what is innovation anyway? We examine innovation through consideration of specific military examples—both historical and contemporary—as well as examining academic literature and past CNA products addressing innovation. After developing a functional definition of innovation, we provide best practices and principles that DOD can apply in order to put innovation into practice.

examine innovation through consideration of specific military examples—both historical and contemporary—as well as examining academic literature and past CNA products addressing innovation. After ... approach, with the basic tenet: to solve a problem, we first need to define it. Hence, through consideration of DOD innovation efforts, academic literature, and past CNA publications, we develop