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pla update: Issue 5, June 6, 2022

/our-media/newsletters/pla-update/issue-5

PLA Update, Issue 5, is a CNA China Studies Program monthly newsletter, with summaries of Chinese media coverage of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA).

during a conflict. [3] The summary below discusses the organization and roles of several PLA and People's Armed Police (PAP) units in a recent earthquake relief exercise led by civilian authorities ... Liberation Army, the Chinese People's Armed Police Force and the militia shall participate in emergency rescue, relief and handling in accordance with the provisions of this Law and of the relevant laws

Law Enforcement Pandemic Response Field Guide

/reports/2021/11/law-enforcement-pandemic-response-field-guide

COVID-19 and its public health crisis continue to present public safety challenges, as well as challenges to the agencies tasked with protecting life and social order.

are arguably the most affected sector of frontline service providers, the nation’s police officers also face significant challenges in providing their mandated public safety duties in the wake of the pandemic ... over 200 police agencies in Illinois, Missouri, and Ohio, finding important implications for police-community relations, interagency cooperation, training, and staffing during the pandemic. Shjarback

Use of Predictive Analytics

/reports/2020/10/use-of-predictive-analytics

This issue brief is a product created through a partnership between BJA and CNA. The Using Analytics to Improve Officer Safety work examines granular incident data from 2015–2019 from several local law enforcement agencies to identify incident characteristics (characteristics specific to the incident and related to officer tactical response) associated with officer assaults, injuries, and line-of-duty deaths. Using machine learning techniques, CNA is producing a risk assessment model to link incident characteristics with officer safety outcomes. This work also entails working with participating agencies to identify best practices and recommendations to reduce risks to officer safety in the line of duty.

with knowledge (i.e., data) to help inform where they should target police operations and resources. Agencies can use this knowledge to operate more efficiently and effectively in their crime ...  analysts, policy makers, and researchers) interested in learning more about the role of predictive analytics in police operations. Specifically, this brief offers the following: Summarizes the use

ai with ai: A Tesseract to Follow

/our-media/podcasts/ai-with-ai/season-3/3-37

In COVID-related AI news, Purdue University has built a website that tracks global response to social distancing, by pulling live footage and images from over 30,000 cameras in 100 countries. Simon Fong, Nilanjan Dey, and Jyotismita Chaki have published Artificial Intelligence for Coronavirus Outbreak, which examines AI’s contribution to combating COVID-19. Researchers at Harvard and Boston Children’s Hospital use a "regular" Bayesian model to identify COVID-19 hotspots over 14 days before they occur. In non-COVID AI news, the acting director of the JAIC announces a shift to enabling joint warfighting operations. The DoD Inspector General releases an Audit of Governance and Protection of DoD AI Data and Technology, which reveals a variety of gaps and weaknesses in AI governance across DoD. Detroit Police Chief James Craig reveals that the police department's experience with facial recognition technology resulted in misidentified people about 96% of the time. Over 1400 mathematicians sign and deliver a letter to the American Mathematical Society, urging researchers to stop working on predictive-policing algorithms. DARPA awards the Meritorious Public Service Medal to Professor Hava Siegelmann for her creation and research in the Lifelong Learning Machines Program. And Horace Barlow, one of the founders of modern visual neuroscience, passed away on 5 July at the age of 98. In research, Udrescu and Tegmark release AI Feynman 2.0, with unsupervised learning of equations of motion by viewing objects in raw and unlabeled video. Researchers at CSAIL, NVidia, and the University of Toronto created the Visual Causal Discovery Network, which learns to recognize underlying dependency structures for simulated fabrics, such as shirts, pants, and towels. In reports, the Montreal AI Ethics Institute publishes its State of AI Ethics. In the video of the week, Max Tegmark discusses the previously mentioned research on equations of motion and also discusses progress in symbolic regression. And GanBreeder upgrades to ArtBreeder, which can create realistic-looking images from paintings, cartoons, or just about anything.

across DoD. Detroit Police Chief James Craig reveals that the police department's experience with facial recognition technology resulted in misidentified people about 96% of the time. Over 1400 ... Summary Audit 110 Page Full report (public-release version; some parts redacted) Detroit Police Chief:   "Facial Recognition Software Misidentifies 96% of the Time" Publicly released data by the Detroit Police Department Letter to AMS Notices: Boycott collaboration with police Story Letter to AMS Notices List of signatories Review of PrePol's use

The First War on Terror

/reports/2014/the-first-war-on-terror

This paper examines the forgotten history of counterterrorism in the United States during the 1970s and early 1980s. That period was part of a long wave of terrorism that occurred across the developed world. Within the United States during that period, terrorist groups—including ethno-nationalists, separatists, and Marxist- Leninists—conducted a remarkable number of attacks, some of which resulted in significant injuries and deaths. Many of the policies, strategies, and structures designed to combat domestic terrorism during the 1970-1985 period remain part of the U.S. counterterrorism repertoire. By providing historical perspective, this paper will help today’s policymakers understand issues of change and continuity in the terrorist threat; weigh alternative approaches to countering terrorist challenges; and evaluate tradeoffs between public safety and civil liberties.

of political, organizational, and operational issues are likely to persist. These include the need for cooperation among federal, state, and local police agencies; the balance between civil liberties

Guidance on the Collection and Use of Officer Injury Data Bulletin

/quick-looks/2022/guidance-on-the-collection-and-use-of-officer-injury-data-bulletin

As part of the Bureau of Justice Assistance-funded initiative Using Analytics to Improve Officer Safety, CNA's Center for Justice Research and Innovation produced this bulletin to serve as an accessible resource to support law enforcement agencies in collecting detailed and informative officer injury data. Visit CNA's Officer Safety and Wellness page to learn more about our analytics work.

regarding law enforcement calls for service, many police agencies across the country lack granular level officer injury data related to calls for service. Robust collection of officer injury-related

The Use of Predictive Analytics in Policing Bulletin

/quick-looks/2022/the-use-of-predictive-analytics-in-policing

CNA’s Center for Justice Research and Innovation produced this bulletin as a companion document to an issue brief that provides an in-depth look into the use of predictive analytics in policing.

 and their stakeholders (e.g., crime analysts, policy makers, and researchers) interested in learning more about the role of predictive analytics in police operations. PREDICTIVE ANALYTICS IN POLICING HOT SPOT

Leading the Industry in Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS)

/quick-looks/2022/our-leadership-on-uncrewed-aircraft-systems

CNA has been a leader in conducting research, designing frameworks, and developing methodologies to build Cybersecurity measures for UAS. We support the development of the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) UAS Traffic Management (UTM) requirements, which represents a new paradigm in aviation traffic management.

safety organizations, such as research and analysis of body-worn camera data for Las Vegas and other police departments. NATIONAL SECURITY STRATEGY CNA brings eight decades of analytical expertise

Guidance on the Collection and Use of Officer Injury Data Bulletin

/quick-looks/2021/officer-injury-bulletin

This bulletin provides information related to officer injury data collection. Specifically, it provides suggested practices regarding what variables to collect, when to collect data, and how to collect data to better understand and utilize officer injury data to promote officer safety.

SHOULD BE COLLECTED Despite routine data collection regarding law enforcement calls for service, many police agencies across the country lack granular level officer injury data related to calls

The Use of Predictive Analytics in Policing Bulletin

/quick-looks/2021/predictive-analytics-in-policing

Predictive analytics in policing “is a data-driven approach to characterizing crime patterns across time and space and leveraging this knowledge for the prevention of crime and disorder.

analysts, policy makers, and researchers) interested in learning more about the role of predictive analytics in police operations. Predictive Analytics in Policing Hot Spot Detection According