Research for Reservist Retention

Policy-makers have proposed replacing the current system of reservist participation with a new model, termed a Continuum of Service. This new paradigm will give reservists the ability to move seamlessly between full- and part-time status, and it relies on enhanced volunteerism by providing more options for participation. A reliance on volunteerism requires provision of adequate incentives. Before making any changes, however, it is important to understand existing manning problems and those that could arise as a result of a Continuum of Service. Therefore, this study analyzes recent data to identify existing, chronic, and potential manning challenges for each Reserve and Guard Component. Most Components have experienced recent increases in retention. This is notable because mobilizations and deployments have increased over this time period. While overall retention is high and rising, there are still certain groups with low retention. Junior enlisted personnel have very low retention, while there is strong evidence that retirement benefits heavily influence retention decisions of senior personnel. The data also provide evidence that retention varies with the strength of one’s civilian earnings opportunities. Finally, it appears that many people work toward their college degrees while in the Reserves but choose to leave after finishing their education.