Research for Quality

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November 1, 1998
Since the inception of the All-Volunteer Force in 1973, the military personnel system has shown a remarkable ability to deal with a diverse range of challenges. The purpose of this paper is to examine the challenges ahead and propose how the military personnel system will have to adapt to continue to prosper. We start our discussion with a review of four potential problem areas in the future: demographic, economic, and social change; new military concepts and missions; the revolution in business affairs; and technology. Within these broad areas, we focus on specific issues and the challenges they could present for the current military personnel system. The paper also identifies four areas that need major reforms to meet these challenges: recruiting, career management, compensation, and training.
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August 1, 1998
The Personnel Readiness Division of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (J1) asked CNA to look into why people are leaving the services, particularly if there has been any change in the reasons personnel cite for leaving the services, and the quality of people who are leaving. The analyses presented here are based on the results form surveys for the Navy, Army, and Air Force. Across the services, we found evidence of increased dissatisfaction with different aspects of military compensation, including pay, advancement opportunities, and retirement benefits. But trends in retention through the first quarter of 1997 show no immediate alarms. Army trends seem to show long-term improvement, Navy data indicates that declines may be leveling off, and Air Force retention rates are erratic and reveal no real trends.
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June 1, 1998
A primary tasking for this study was to build a permanent database integrating Navy recruiting, training, and manpower/personnel data which would follow recruits from street to fleet and use variables designed to capture the kinds of information needed by decision-makers. This paper summarizes our analyses and briefly describes the database. It begins with the different analyses we did of the bootcamp period, goes on to a discussion of rating attainment, and finishes with our analyses of trained sailors in the fleet. Findings and recommendations include coding separation reasons more consistently, revising the CNET monthly bootcamp attrition report, more careful screening of sailors with nonacademic course failures who are sent to the fleet, and supporting initiatives to provide a second chance at school for sailors who fail an A-school course.
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March 1, 1998
This paper summarizes FY 97 efforts to increase the recruitment of community college graduates, specifically targeting the recruitment of graduates with allied health care specialties. It compares the efforts and results for the last two years and offers recommendations for FY 98. Despite many new efforts initiated in FY 97 aimed at the community college market, only 17 more recruits had Associate degrees in FY 97 than in FY 96. Since the shift from recruiting from high school to the community college market is a major change, it will take some time to make significant progress. It appears more resources are needed for the general recruiting effort and possibly a further increase is necessary to expand community college recruiting.
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March 1, 1998
This paper describes two federal programs that could facilitate the Navy's efforts to recruit pretrained people as well as benefit general recruiting efforts from community colleges: the School-to-Work Opportunities Act and the Tech Prep Act. It offers recommendations on how to apply these programs specifically to the Navy, in terms of the types of targeted fields of study and activities for active participation that are vital components of these federal programs. It also recommends forming partnerships to create tailor-made courses of study around training curricula that have significant civilian overlap, which could save significant training costs and enhance Navy's recruiting efforts at community colleges.
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January 1, 1998
As the Navy has downsized its forces, funding for a variety of activities has dropped. The Navy's flagship schools, The United States Naval Academy, The Naval War College, The Naval Postgraduate School, and for purposes of this study, The Armed Forces Staff College, have not been immune to these reductions. In response, N81 asked CNA to take a bottom-up look at each the Navy's flagship schools. The main goals of the assessment were, first to evaluate the current quality of condition of the schools, and second, to help determine the level of funding needed over the Future Year Defense Plan (FYDP) to maintain Navy schools as 'top-tier' institutions. The study summarizes the findings and recommendations regarding funding and opportunities for efficiency improvements. One important finding focuses on the effectiveness of the current structure of the graduate education system. Although the flagship schools offer excellent graduate and professional military education, the Navy does not use its graduates in a manner consistent with these programs of study.
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July 1, 1997
Despite shrinking budgets, the U.S. military is struggling to simultaneously fund force levels, current operations, and an aggressive modernization program. Many believe the military can fund its recapitalization program if cost efficiencies can be achieved from within infrastructure budgets. One way to reduce infrastructure costs is through competition, outsourcing, and privatization. Whether the in-house (or organic) team or the private team wins the contract, the government benefits because the competition lowers costs and increases productivity. This paper examines the maintenance of the Navy's TA-4Js. The value of this analysis is that it allows us to look at a long series of performance and cost data, both for in-house and contractor maintenance. Because we have data on three contractors, we can also examine the effect of changing contractors.
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October 1, 1996
An Integrated Product Team (IPT) is a multi-functional team formed for the specific purpose of delivering a product or developing a process or policy. IPTs are set up to foster parallel rather than sequential decisions and to guarantee that all aspects of the product, process, or policy are considered throughout the development process. To most organizations, IPTs represent a fundamental departure from past practice, one that requires changes to structures, policies, processes, and even philosophy. Consequently, IPTs need strong high-level and middle-management support and continual reinforcement to succeed. In 1995, secretary of Defense Perry directed the use of IPTs for defense acquisition. In this paper, we examine government, industry, and academia's experience with IPTs. Based on our research, we recommend ways to better implement this new management approach.
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December 1, 1995
The U.S. Navy Surgeon General tasked the Center for Naval Analyses to evaluate the TRICARE demonstration project. This demonstration is an attempt to coordinate health care for the medical-eligible military population of 300,000 in the Tidewater area of Virginia. When TRICARE matures, it will integrate a series of military treatment facilities, a preferred provider network, and a health maintenance organization, under joint service management. The evaluation consists of a comparison of several measures of effectiveness, before and after TRICARE implementation. We will be comparing Tidewater with two other regions: southern California, which is under CRI (a managed care program), and North Carolina, which is under standard CHAMPUS. The evaluation will take about three years to complete. In the meantime, we have collected baseline data for Tidewater and the comparison sites. The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of the baseline analysis of access to, and satisfaction with, health care during the pre-implementation period. This is not an evaluation of TRICARE. The results will be helpful in interpreting subsequent changes in the components of the program after TRICARE implementation.
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May 1, 1994
VAdm. Doyle, USN (Ret) and RAdm. Meyer, USN (Ret), among others, have expressed concern to Adm. Kelso, the Chief of Naval Operations, regarding the technical expertise of Navy officers. Their concern is that the decline in officer technical expertise is harming the acquisition process and threatening the capabilities of the U.S. Navy. Adm. Kelso asked CNA to study the issue, and this briefing describes our analysis.
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