Research for Production
March 1, 1993
This research memorandum is one in a series of papers stemming from CNA's Future Russian Navy project, which was requested by the Director of Naval Intelligence. In this paper, we examine the evolving maritime interests of the former Soviet Union and those of Russia, its principal heir. Until the 1960s, the Soviet Union acted as a coastal state, protecting its own territorial waters. It then built up its forces and emerged as a significant global maritime power in the late 1960s. Now Russia is returning to a coastal focus. We look at the reasons for this latest shift in focus -- namely, problems in Russia's oil and fishing industries -- and the way in which the Russian Navy's missions will likely change to reflect the nation's new economic imperatives.
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April 1, 1991
In 1991, separatist forces seeking independence have become active across the USSR. In one of the most important regions, the Soviet Far East, such a trend is visible, although it has received scant attention compared to movements in the Baltic states, Moldavia, and other areas. The struggle for change in the Soviet Far East pits the conservative forces, consisting of mid-level Communist Party personnel, senior military, and some members of the defense industrial and intelligence community, against virtually everyone else. The encroachments that this powerful coalition hopes to block include opening Vladivostok, the creation of free economic zones with the participation of foreigners, the conversion of the defense industry, and the emergence of non-communist political figures and ideas (including a plan to create an independent Far Eastern Republic). This research memorandum examines recent trends in the region -- political, military, and economic -- and looks ahead to possible outcomes. AD-A238033
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August 1, 1987
The eight-county Allegheny Region of Pennsylvania is 84% forested and comprises one of the state's most valuable timbersheds. Much of this area is inaccessible to conventional logging equipment due to steep slopes, poor drainage, and high erodability. For this reason, there has been a recently growing interest in using cable yarders to harvest these areas. A computer simulation model has been developed to aid in investigating the feasibility of cable logging in this region. This paper explains the design of the model, discusses the field data collected, evaluates the model, and makes recommendations for further data acquisition and model refinement.
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October 1, 1983
Analyzes the effects of price control programs to determine if they subsidized U.S. petrochemical exports, and if so, what were the effects on world petrochemical prices and U.S. and foreign production levels.
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May 1, 1983
This report examines two specific reasons why domestic steel retains most of the market, even though imports usually cost less.
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May 1, 1983
This paper presents estimates of what effect technical changes had on labor demands from 1958-1977 in the steel and auto industries.
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November 1, 1981
This study evaluates petroleum issues facing the Navy over the next 20 years. It analyzes the threat of reduced availability of petroleum and the probable effects on Naval warfare, on the selection of weapons, and on mobility. There are four areas of investigation: the current oil market, production forecasts, the prospect of import interruptions, and Navy options. The study addresses the changes in the oil market since the embargo of 1973. It explains how those changes in the market have affected Navy budgets and eroded steaming and flying hours. Published forecasts of lowered production of petroleum and the threat of interruptions of imports are evaluated for their potential to disrupt world markets out to the year 2000. Several aspects of future petroleum supplies are quantified. The study concludes by recommending measures the Navy can take to deal with the problems of reduced fuel availability and quality.
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July 1, 1980
In the last 25 to 30 years, payroll taxes and subsidies for investment have substantially altered relative factor prices facing firms. This paper presents theoretical and empirical findings on how these taxes and subsidies have affected long-run factor substitution in U.S. manufacturing industries and the short-run effects of payroll taxes on inflation in the economy as a whole.
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October 1, 1979
This paper argues against Rolf Clark and his conclusion that under the institutional arrangements of the times, defense managers should not discount.
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December 1, 1978
This paper estimates U.S. dependence on foreign oil for the period 1975 through 2000 and examines the economic effect on the U.S. of an interruption of this oil.
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