Research for Peacekeeping Operation

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Peacemaking, Complex Emergencies, and Disaster Response: What Happens, How Do You Respond?
February 1, 1999
As part of a larger project for Commander in Chief, Pacific Fleet examining the ability of afloat naval forces to respond to disasters and other emergencies in the CINCPACFLT area of interest, this paper looks at some of the requirements for disaster relief operations. It examines what disasters are likely to occur in the area of interest, how these disasters evolve, what response is required, and who meets these requirements when the military does not show up. Almost every type of disaster occurs in CINCPACFLT's area of interest, ranging from natural disasters to complex emergencies. Disasters evolve along a well-known trajectory, and the paper looks at timelines for the various types. Requirements for disaster response can vary widely according to the type of disaster, but vary less between events of the same general type. Another consistent fact we find in examining disaster relief operations is the growing capability of the non-government and international communities to respond.
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Emerald Express 95 Analyses Report
April 1, 1996
The purpose of Emerald Express was to bring together senior representatives from military, relief, political, and diplomatic communities to address issues that arise during Humanitarian Assistance and Peace Operations (HA/POs). In this paper, we describe the analysis resulting from Emerald Express '95 (EE95). CNA supported EE95 by providing a series of read-ahead summaries on issues such as coalition operations, mission statement development, and coordination between the military and humanitarian relief organizations. CNA also provided annotated briefings based on early findings of the HAO study team at the time of Emerald Express. This material was intended to raise issues for discussion. During the exercise itself, CNA analysts participated in and observed the working groups.
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Requirements for Humanitarian Assistance and Peace Operations: Insights from Seven Case Studies
March 1, 1995
As part of the CNa project on the Marine Corps and Humanitarian Assistance Operations, sponsored by the Marine Corps Combat Development Center (MCCDC), this research memorandum examines USMC involvement in seven Humanitarian Assistance/Peace Operation (HA/POs). This project seeks to help MCCDC identify requirements (whether in doctrine, organization, training, or equipment) to improve the Marine Corps' ability to effectively perform HA/PO tasks. The project team is identifying the range of HA/PO requirements through a variety of methods, including seminar gaming, evaluation of existing doctrine and policies, and evaluation of the historical record.
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A Chronology of U.S. Marine Corps Humanitarian Assistance and Peace Operations
September 1, 1994
This information memorandum provides a chronology of U. S. Marine Corps (USMC) humanitarian assistance and peace operations (HA/POs). The chronology documents 154 cases of Marine Corps HA/POs from 1811 through 1993. The information memorandum is part of a CNA study on the Marines in humanitarian assistance operations. The study is examining the Marine requirements in the areas of doctrine, organization, training, and equipment to prepare for and conduct HA/POs. These requirements are being identified through a variety of methods including (1) examining past HA/POs; (2) running humanitarian assistance seminar games; and (3) through examination of how other services and other nations approach HA/POs. The material in this information memorandum supports the study effort in several ways. First, the chronology presents a list of operations from which to choose the choice of case studies. Second, the analysis and chronology support the choice of case studies and scenarios by ensuring that the selected case studies and scenarios are representative of past operations and trends in the history of USMC HA/POs. Third, this chronology and analysis should provide one window for understanding what is--and is not--new for the USMC in conducting HA/POs.
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JTF Operations Since 1983
July 1, 1994
This research memorandum summarizes recent Joint Task Force (JTF) operations. We reviewed the operations at the request of CINCLANTFLT to help the fleet determine its requirements for training Navy officers and staffs in JTF operations. The goal is to extract lessons learned that define high-leverage training topics.
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Operation Restore Hope: Summary Report
April 1, 1994
In December 1992, the U.S. Central Command formed Joint Task Force (JTF) Somalia to conduct military operations in southern Somalia. The purpose of the operation, designated Operation RESTORE HOPE, was to establish a secure environment for Humanitarian Relief Organizations (HROs) to provide famine relief services. From November 1992 through March 1993, six analysts from the Center for Naval Analyses provided analytic support to JTF Somalia. Five analysts were on-scene in Somalia at various times. At the request of the CJTF, the analysts studied planning, the execution of the JTF concept, logistics, the transition to the UN-led operation, and certain aspects of operations, including rules of engagement and interactions between the military and the HROs. Documentation of these analyses is contained in a series of research memoranda. This summary report draws together some of the results of the individual analyses and puts them in the context of the overall operation. Its scope is limited by the issues addressed by the on-scene representatives. Thus, neither our study nor this summary report purports to be a comprehensive compilation of the military operations conducted during RESTORE HOPE, or of the lessons that the military has learned from the operation. See also CRMs 93-96, 93-114, 93-148, 93-126, 93-120, and 93-140.
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